Statement and Conclusion

Q.1

Statement A degree in law is one of the most wanted degrees by youth in India.
Conclusions I. A degree in law guarantees a good profession.
II. A degree in law is the first choice for youth in India.

If only conclusion I follows.

If only conclusion II follows.

If conclusions I and II both follow.

If neither I nor II follows.

Ans .

Explanation :
The first conclusion is not necessarily true. Similarly we cannot comment definitely about the first choice of youth. Hence, option (d) is correct as neither conclusion follows.

Q.2

Statement Protinex is beneficial for a muscular body.
Conclusions I. All athletes take Protinex.
II. We should take Protinex for muscular body.

If only conclusion I follows.

If only conclusion II follows.

If conclusions I and II both follow.

If neither I nor II follows.

Ans .

Explanation :
The second conclusion is what is hinted at by the statement. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Q.3

Statement Most students of the LU BMS program are bright.
Conclusions I. Many companies visit the LU BMS program for campus placements.
II. Some of the students of LU BMS are not bright.

If only conclusion I follows.

If only conclusion II follows.

If conclusions I and II both follow.

If neither I nor II follows.

Ans .

Explanation :
Conclusion II follows. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Q.4

Statement India is the largest exporter of Lichi.
Conclusions I. India only exports Lichi.
II. China and Japan are the most important customers of Lichi from India.

If only conclusion I follows.

If only conclusion II follows.

If conclusions I and II both follow.

If neither I nor II follows.

Ans .

Explanation :
Neither conclusion can be drawn from the statement. Hence, option (d) is correct.

Q.5

Statement SRK is a famous filmstar. SRK earns handsome amounts every year through advertisements of products he endorses.
Conclusions I. All famous filmstars earn handsome amount through advertisements.
II. SRK, being famous, endorses only famous brands.

If only conclusion I follows.

If only conclusion II follows.

If conclusions I and II both follow.

If neither I nor II follows.

Ans .

Explanation :
Neither conclusion can be drawn from the statement. Hence, option (d) is correct.

Q.6

Statement Reputed management institutes focus on both quality and advertisement.
Conclusions I. There are only two important factors for a reputed management institute:
quality and advertising. II. Small management institutes focus on only one of quality and advertising.

If only conclusion I follows.

If only conclusion II follows.

If conclusions I and II both follow.

If neither I nor II follows.

Ans .

Explanation :
We cannot say that there are only 2 important factors for reputes management institutes as there could be more factors present too. Similarly, we cannot draw any conclusion about small management institutes. Thus, neither conclusion can be drawn from the statement. Hence, option (d) is correct.

Q.7

Statement The Australian Cricket team scored 300 runs out of which Andrew Symonds scored 151 runs.
Conclusions I. Andrew Symonds was the highest run scorer of the match.
II. Symonds scored 66 runs in singles only.

If only conclusion I follows.

If only conclusion II follows.

If conclusions I and II both follow.

If neither I nor II follows.

Ans .

Explanation :
Neither conclusion can be drawn. Hence, option (d) is correct.

Q.8

Statement Due to the onset of monsoon there is a sharp hike in the price of alphonso mangoes.
Conclusions I. Alphonso mangoes are in demand at any price.
II. The onset of monsoons affects the market for alphonso mangoes.

If only conclusion I follows.

If only conclusion II follows.

If conclusions I and II both follow.

If neither I nor II follows.

Ans .

Explanation :
Conclusion I is irrelevant to the argument while conclusion II follows. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Q.9

Statement What is an RDX explosive? From the outside it looks like a simple harmless object, but its real contents are so deadly that they are sufficient to blast off an entire compartment of a train or even a plane.
Conclusions I. The RDX explosive can cause massive destruction by killing a number of persons with a single explosion.
II. The RDX explosive is only used to blast planes/trains as it is difficult to recognise in such settings.

If only conclusion I follows.

If only conclusion II follows.

If conclusions I and II both follow.

If neither I nor II follows.

Ans .

Explanation :
Only the first conclusion can be drawn. It is clear from the statement that the RDX explosive can cause massive destruction and can kill a number of persons with one explosion. The second conclusion cannot be drawn since we have no indication to conclude that RDX is used only to blast planes or trains. Hence, option (a) is correct.

Q.10

Statement Don’t park here. If you violate this no-parking sign, a penalty of Rs 5000 will be charged.
Conclusions I. The same penalty is charged for every wrong parking offence.
II. This warning is written outside all non-parking zones.

If only conclusion I follows.

If only conclusion II follows.

If conclusions I and II both follow.

If neither I nor II follows.

Ans .

Explanation :
Neither conclusion is valid. Hence, option (d) is correct.

Q.11

Statement Whenever there is a match between India and Pakistan, Mr. Sahai takes leave from his office. Mr. Sahai is in office today.
Conclusions I. Today there is no match between India and Pakistan.
II. Mr. Sharma always goes to his office except on India–Pakistan match days.

If only conclusion I follows.

If only conclusion II follows.

If conclusions I and II both follow.

If neither I nor II follows.

Ans .

Explanation :
Conclusion I follows while the second one does not. Hence, option (a) is correct.

Q.12

Statement All the male members of my family are either software engineers or MBAs.
Conclusions I. Mrs. Meena is a member of my family. She is either a software engineer or an MBA.
II. Mr. Prakash is a member of my family. He is either a software engineer or an MBA.

If only conclusion I follows.

If only conclusion II follows.

If conclusions I and II both follow.

If neither I nor II follows.

Ans .

Explanation :
Conclusion II can be drawn. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Q.13

Statement All politicians are honest. Radha Devi is an honest lady.
Conclusions I. She is a politician.
II. She is not interested in politics.

If only conclusion I follows.

If only conclusion II follows.

If conclusions I and II both follow.

If neither I nor II follows.

Ans .

Explanation :
Just because all politicians are honest and Radha Devi is also honest does not mean that Radha Devi is a politician—she might not be a politician and still be honest. Conclusion 1 would have followed if it had been mentioned that only politicians are honest. Similarly, we cannot draw any conclusion about her interest in politics. Hence, option (d) is correct.

Q.14

Statement If the temperature remains constant the wind speeds will be below 100 kmph. Wind speeds were above 100 kmph.
Conclusions I. Temperature was not constant.
II. Temperature was fluctuating.

If only conclusion I follows.

If only conclusion II follows.

If conclusions I and II both follow.

If neither I nor II follows.

Ans .

Explanation :
Both the conclusions are correct. Hence, option (c) is correct.

Q.15

Statement Without abundant rains, there will be a decline in the water level beneath the earth. This year, the rains were deficient.
Conclusions I. The water level must have declined.
II. Millions of people were in trouble because of shortage of water.

If only conclusion I follows.

If only conclusion II follows.

If conclusions I and II both follow.

If neither I nor II follows.

Ans .

Explanation :
We cannot conclude either conclusion I or conclusion II since we cannot comment on the decline of water level we do not know whether water level declines immediately if the rains are deficient. Thus just because the rains were deficient in this year we cannot conclude that the water level must have already fallen—for all you know it could fall later. Similarly, conclusion II is not valid because we do not know anything about the trouble-deficient rain causes to millions of people. Hence, option (d) is correct.

Q.16

Statement Any student who is caught red-handed using unfair means discredits his parents and teachers.
Conclusions I. Such students try to show that their teachers don’t teach properly in the class.
II. Stringent actions must be taken against such students.

If only conclusion I follows.

If only conclusion II follows.

If conclusions I and II both follow.

If neither I nor II follows.

Ans .

Explanation :
Conclusion II follows while the first one does not—we cannot be certain that such students are trying to show that their teachers do not teach properly. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Directions for Questions 17 to 20: Choose the correct conclusion for the given statement/s.

Q.17

Statement Laughter is the best medicine.

All medicines have Benzene enzymes.

Laughter is good for health.

All medicines that make you laugh are good.

Stand up comedy shows on television are a good source of laughter.

Ans .

Explanation :
A medicine is something that is beneficial for health. Hence, we can conclude that conclusion (b) follows from the statement. Options (a), (c) and (d) are irrelevant conclusions.

Q.18

Statement 1. Private companies employees work for five working days with 9 working hours every day.
2. IOC’s employees work for 6 working days a week and 8 working hours a day.

IOC’s employees are better than private companies employees.

IOC’s employees work more than Private companies employees.

Private companies employees work more than IOC’s employees.

IOC’s employees are more efficient than that of private companies.

Ans .

Explanation :
Options (a) and (d) do not follow as we do not know anything about who is better. From the two statements it is easy to conclude that IOC’s employees work more than Private company employees. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Q.19

Statement 1. All athletes in the Asian athletics teams are talented.
2. All Indian athletes are now in the Asian athletics team.

Some Indian athletes are talented.

All Indian athletes are talented.

India does not have any athletics team.

India has more cricketers than athletes.

Ans .

Explanation :
Obviously conclusion (b) follows.

Q.20

Statement 1. Next year, salary of all people working in the Bata Hindicom will increase by Rs 1 lac per year.
2. The current income difference between two employees of Bata Hindicom, Arun and Subhash is Rs 2 lacs.

Arun’s salary will be higher after the increment in salary.

Subhash’s salary will be higher than Arun’s from the next year.

The difference between Arun and Subhash’s salary will remain constant.

None conclusion follows.

Ans .

Explanation :
Obviously conclusion (c) is correct. We cannot say anything about whose salary is higher.

Directions for Questions 21 to 25: In the following questions there are given some statements followed by conclusions that can be drawn from them. Choose the answer for each question independently.

Q.21

Statement Bombay is more expensive than Delhi. Delhi is more expensive than Calcutta. Bombay is more expensive than Calcutta.

true

probably true

false

can’t say

Ans .

Explanation :
Clearly the conclusion holds true. Hence, option (a) is correct.

Q.22

Statement Basket ball players are generally tall. Jeevan is a basketball player. So Jeevan is tall.

false

probably false

true

can’t say

Ans .

Explanation :
Clearly we cannot claim that every basket ball player is tall. However, we cannot also say for sure that Jeevan is not tall. Hence, option (d) is correct.

Q.23

Statement 1. Some actors are dancers.
2. All those, who are dancers, are paid well.
Conclusions Some actors are paid well.

true

probably true

false

can’t say

Ans .

Explanation :
Definitely true. Option (a) is correct.

Q.24

Statement Teachers punish students when they do not complete their homework. Ravi (a teacher) punished Soni in school today.
Conclusions Soni did not do her homework.

definitely true

definitely false

can’t say

conclusion is irrelevant

Ans .

Explanation :
From the given statement it is not clear as to why Ravi punished Soni. While her not doing her homework could have been a reason it could equally well not have been the reason too. Hence, we cannot say anything about this. Option (c) is correct.

Q.25

Statement Smart managers are those who hire smart employees.
Conclusions To be a smart manager, I just have to hire smart employees.

true

false

either probably true or probably false

can’t say

Ans .

Explanation :
We cannot say for sure whether this conclusion is true or false. It might be true and at the same time might be false if there are more things that are needed to be done for being a smart manager. Hence, option (d) is correct.

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