Under Atma Nirbhar Bharat package, Government of India has decided that food grains will be provided free of cost at the rate of 5 Kg per month for two months i.e. May and June 2020, to about 8 Crore migrant labour who are not covered under NFSA or State scheme PDS cards. The total estimated cost of about Rs. 3500 Crore for implementation of this scheme will be fully borne by Government of India. All India Allocation of food grains under this scheme is 8 Lakh Metric Tonnes (LMT).

MHA writes to States to use NMIS for capturing the information on movement of migrants and for better inter-State co-ordination Posted On: 16 MAY 2020 9:05PM by PIB Delhi

Government of India has allowed the movement of migrant workers by buses and ‘Shramik’ special trains to enable them to travel to their native places.

In order to capture the information regarding movement of migrants and facilitate the smooth movement of stranded persons across States, National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) has developed an online Dashboard - National Migrant Information System (NMIS).

The online portal would maintain a central repository on migrant workers and help in speedy inter-State communication/co-ordinationto facilitate their smooth movement to native places. It has additional advantages like contact tracing, which may be useful in overall COVID-19 response work.

The key data pertaining to the persons migrating has been standardized for uploading such as name, age, mobile no., originating and destination district, date of travel etc., which States are already collecting.

States will be able to visualize how many people are going out from where and how many are reaching destination States.The mobile numbers of people can be used for contact tracing and movement monitoring during COVID-19.

These sprayers are also equipped with mopping features and extendable arms to reach hidden area and clean comprehensively

This technology will have relevance even beyond the current COVID-19 crisis Posted On: 16 MAY 2020 11:57AM by PIB Delhi

Scientists at CSIR-CentralMechanical Engineering Research Institute (CMERI), Durgapur, have developed two mobile indoor Disinfection Sprayer units. These units can be used for cleaning and disinfecting pathogenic micro-organism effectively, especially in hospitals.

Called Battery Powered Disinfectant Sprayer (BPDS) and Pneumatically Operated Mobile Indoor Disinfection (POMID), these units can be used to clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces such as tables, doorknobs, light switches, countertops, handles, desks, phones, keyboards, toilets, faucets, sinks, and cardboards. Intermittent usage of these disinfecting units can help minimize the risk of transmitting coronavirus to people who inadvertently come in contact with those surfaces.

The sprayer systems in both BPDS and POMID are designed with two-stage spraying units and separate storage tanks to clean and disinfect the indoor areas by the numbers of fixed and flexible nozzles set in the lower and upper tiers. There is also an industrial variant of the Disinfectant Sprayer for heavy usage and to cover a larger area.

POMID mobile indoor disinfectant unit is made by steel frames mounted on four wheels. This system comprises compressors, piping and fittings and spray nozzles. The hand-held flexible spray arm can be used in any direction as per requirement. POMID unit has two storage tanks each with a capacity of 10 litres. BPDS unit is a cordless machine with a two-nozzle spray system and an extended arm spray unit. It has a storage capacity of 20 litres and a battery back-up time of 4 hours in a single charge. The gross weight of the system is (empty tank) 25 kg.

“Most of the disinfectant sprayers prevalent in the market are based either on cleaning or disinfecting using a single chamber storage for the liquid and are pump-based. The droplets produced by a pump sprayer are much larger in size and the effective coverage of surface is lesser. However, the CSIR-CMERI developed indoor sprayer systems consists of dual-chamber storage for disinfectants and cleaning and have better nozzle design, better arrangement of nozzles and lesser droplet sizes. The sprayed disinfectant can thus cover a greater surface area for the specified volume of liquid”, said Prof. Harish Hirani, Director, CSIR-CMERI.

“The particle size and the number of particles of disinfectant are two important parameters in determining the effectiveness of the sprayed disinfectant. CSIR-CMERI is consistently focussed upon developing efficient and effective technologies to contain the spread of COVID-19. The next stage of development for the devices would be to incorporate 360-degree coverage for disinfectants and cleaning spray as well as to make it compact and autonomous for usage in schools and homes”, added Prof. Hirani.

These sprayers are also equipped with mopping features and extendable arms to reach hidden area and clean comprehensively. This technology will have relevance even beyond the current COVID-19 crisis, since viruses have been existent throughout and a substantial number of cases of such influenza has been spreading throughout the globe every year. Hence, Dr. Hirani has urged the MSMEs of the nation to come forward and invest in this technology, keeping in mind the future orientation of hygiene and healthcare devices. The technology for BPDS is transferred to Power Tech Mining Pvt. Ltd. on the same day for commercialization.

Posted On: 15 MAY 2020 12:09PM by PIB Delhi

Scientists at Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), an autonomous research institute under the Department of Science and Technology, have recently developed an injectable Silk fibroin-based hydrogel for sustained insulin delivery in diabetic patients. A patent application has also been filed for this invention.

Prof. T. Govindaraju and his research team from JNCASR have developed the silk fibroin (SF) formulation using biocompatible additives and prepared an injectable SF hydrogel (iSFH) that can ease insulin delivery in diabetic patients. The iSFH has demonstrated successful delivery of active insulin in rats, and the results have been published in the journal ACS Applied Bio Materials.

The JNCASR scientists have shown that subcutaneous injection of insulin with-iSFH in diabetic rats formed active depot under the skin from which insulin trickled out slowly and restored the physiological glucose homeostasis for a prolonged period of 4 days with no risks of low blood sugar through sudden burst of high concentration of insulin into the blood.

The viscous additives used by the team restricted the mobility of SF protein backbones and results in the rapid gelation. The microstructures provide mechanical strength (to support injectability), and porous morphology of iSFH allowed the encapsulation of human recombinant insulin in its active form in diabetic rats.

Diabetes affects more than 70 million people in India, the second-highest in the world. It results from inadequate production of insulin due to loss of beta cells or insulin resistance within the body, which imbalances the glucose homeostasis is leading to an abrupt increase of blood glucose level.

The conventional and last resort of treatment involves repeated subcutaneous insulin injections to maintain the physiological glucose homeostasis. The multiple subcutaneous insulin injections are associated with pain, local tissue necrosis, infection, nerve damage, and locally concentrated insulin amyloidosis responsible for inability to achieve physiological glucose homeostasis. This problem can be overcome with controlled and sustained insulin delivery. Thus, encapsulation and sustained delivery of insulin in its active form (without loss of activity) is the key to the development of such controlled and sustained in vivo delivery of Insulin.

The iSFH has proved to be an effective insulin delivery tool for diabetic patients with excellent mechanical strength, biocompatibility, encapsulation, storage, and demonstration of its sustained delivery of active insulin in the diabetic animal. The active encapsulation and delivery of insulin by iSFH may also have implications for the future development of formulations for oral insulin delivery. The JNCASR team hopes that pharmaceutical companies will come forward and further develop it for human use.

The carbon foam will also be cost-effective for the removal of arsenic, oil, and other metals from contaminated water

These carbon foams are non-toxic, easy to fabricate, affordable, and insoluble in water Posted On: 15 MAY 2020 12:13PM by PIB Delhi

Dr. Rajeev Kumar from CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute, Bhopal, a recipient of the INSPIRE Faculty award instituted by the Department of Science &Technology, Govt. of India, is developing porous carbon materials which have the potential to replace lead grid in lead-acid batteries.

It can also be useful for heat sinks in power electronics, electromagnetic interference shielding in aerospace, hydrogen storage and electrode for lead-acid batteries and water purification systems

The present grid-scale energy-storage sector is dominated by lithium-ion batteries, because of their higher energy density & specific power and long cycle life. However, there are some serious concerns regarding Li-ion batteries, such as safety risk, limited resource supply, high cost, and lack of recycling infrastructure. This necessitates the development of an alternative battery system with lower environmental concerns, economic and higher energy density. As a result, lead-acid batteries are still one of the most reliable, economical, and environmentally friendly options. However, electrodes in the lead-acid batteries suffer from the problem of heavyweight, corrosion, poor thermal stability, and diffusion of electrolytes in one dimension, which ultimately affects the output power.

Recently, Dr. Rajeev, along with his research group, have developed lightweight carbon foam with a density of less than 0.3g/cc, high porosity of over 85%, good mechanical strength. His group has published about 16 papers on carbon foam in highly reputed Scientific journals since 2016 (after joining as inspire faculty). The foam is highly resistive to corrosion, has good electrical and thermal conductivity with high surface area, and have recently attracted a lot of attention owing to their potential applications in various field.

“Through this fellowship, we have developed carbon foam with improved properties. We strongly depend on the energy storage system, such as lead-acid batteries used in automobiles and households. The lightweight carbon foam can replace the lead-acid batteries, which are heavy, corrosive, and have poor thermal stability.“ Dr. Rajeev Kumar explained.

The carbon foam developed under the INSPIRE fellowship will also be cost-effective for the removal of arsenic, oil, and other metals from contaminated water. These carbon foams are non-toxic, easy to fabricate, affordable, and insoluble in water. The raw material for the fabrication of carbon foam is easily available everywhere, and there is no requirement of any costly equipment for the fabrication of carbon foam and filtration. Such materials can be safely used in remote areas where power supply is scarce.

India’s overall exports (Merchandise and Services combined) in April 2020* are estimated to be USD 27.96 billion, exhibiting a negative growth of (-) 36.65per cent over the same period last year. Overall imports in April 2020* are estimated to be USD 27.80billion, exhibiting a negative growth of (-) 47.36 per cent over the same period last year.

*Note: The latest data for services sector released by RBI is for March2020. The data for April2020 is an estimation, which will be revised based on RBI’s subsequent release.

I. MERCHANDISE TRADE EXPORTS (including re-exports) Exports inApril2020 were USD10.36billion, as compared to USD26.07billion in April 2019, exhibiting a negative growth of (-)60.28per cent. In Rupee terms, exports were Rs. 78,951.41crore in April2020, as compared to Rs. 1,81,021.34crore in April2019, registering a negative growth of (-) 56.39per cent. The decline in exports has been mainly due to the ongoing global slowdown, which got aggravated due to the current Covid-19 crisis. The latter resulted in large scale disruptions in supply chainsand demand resulting in cancellation of orders.

Except for Iron Ore and Drugs& Pharmaceuticals which registered a growth of 17.53% and 0.25% respectively, all other commodity/commodity groups have registered negative growth in April 2020 vis-a-visApril 2019.

Major commodity groups which have recorded negative export growth during April 2020 vis-à-vis April 2019 are Gems & jewellery (-98.74%), Leather & leather products (-93.28%), Handicrafts excl. hand made carpet (-91.84%), Carpet (-91.67%), RMG of all textiles (-91.04%), Jute mfg. including floor covering (-90.61%), Man-made yarn/fabs./made-ups etc. (-84.11%), Cotton yarn/fabs./made-ups, handloom products etc. (-82.46%), Ceramic products & glassware (-76.72%), Electronic goods (-71.04%), Tea (-68.89%), Tobacco (-68.47%), Cashew (-67.55%), Petroleum products (-66.22%), Engineering goods (-64.76%), Oil seeds (-62.33%), Mica, Coal & other ores, minerals including processed minerals (-60.41%), Meat, dairy & poultry products (-60.34%), Oil meals (-50.6%), Cereal preparations & miscellaneous processed items (-48.28%), Coffee (-44.22%), Marine products (-43.94%), Organic & inorganic chemicals (-41.93%), Other cereals (-40.86%), Spices (-32.18%), Plastic & Linoleum (-25.35%), Fruits & vegetables (-9.29%) and Rice (-7.04%).

Non-petroleum and Non-Gems and Jewellery exports in April 2020 were USD9.08billion, as compared to USD19.54billion in April2019, exhibiting a negative growth of (-) 53.54per cent.

IMPORTS Imports in April2020 were USD17.12 billion (Rs.1,30,525.08crore), which was 58.65per cent lower in Dollar terms and 54.59per cent lower in Rupee terms over imports of USD41.40billion (Rs2,87,432.93crore) in April2019. Major commodity groups of import showing negative growth in April2020 over the corresponding month of last year are:

CRUDE OIL AND NON-OIL IMPORTS: Oil imports inApril2020 were USD4.66billion (Rs. 35,537.22 crore), which was 59.03percentlower in Dollar terms (55.01percent lower in Rupee terms), compared to USD11.38billion (Rs. 78,989.46crore) in April2019.

In this connection it is mentioned that the global Brent price ($/bbl) has decreased by 67.22% in April2020 vis-à-vis April2019 as per data available from World Bank. Non-oil imports inApril2020 were estimated at USD12.46 billion (Rs. 94,987.86crore) which was 58.50per cent lower in Dollar terms (54.43percent lower in Rupee terms), compared to USD30.02billion (Rs. 2,08,443.47crore) in April2019.

Non-Oil and Non-Gold imports wereUSD12.46 billion in April2020, recording a negative growth of (-)52.18 per cent, as compared to Non-Oil and Non-Gold importsof USD 26.05billion in April2019.

II. TRADE IN SERVICES EXPORTS (Receipts) As per the latest press release by RBI dated 15thMay 2020, exports in March2020 were USD 18.16 billion (Rs. 1,35,043.18crore) registering a positive growth of 1.22 per cent in dollar terms, vis-à-vis March2019. The estimated value of services export for April2020* is USD 17.60 billion.

IMPORTS (Payments) As per the latest press release by RBI dated 15thMay 2020, imports in March 2020 were USD 11.11 billion (Rs. 82,618.50 crore) registering a negative growth of (-) 2.23per cent in dollar terms, vis-à-vis March2019. The estimated value of service import for April2020* is USD 10.68 billion.

III.TRADE BALANCE MERCHANDISE: The trade deficit for April2020 was estimated at USD6.76 billion as against the deficit of USD15.33 billion inApril2019. SERVICES: As per RBI’s Press Release dated 15thMay 2020, the trade balance in Services (i.e. Net Services export) for March 2020 is estimated at USD7.05 billion.

OVERALL TRADE BALANCE: Taking merchandise and services together, overall trade surplus for April 2020* is estimated at USD0.16billion as compared to the deficit of USD8.67 billion in April 2019.

*Note: The latest data for services sector released by RBI is for March2020. The data for April2020 is an estimation, which will be revised based on RBI’s subsequent release.

The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi has greeted the people of Sikkim on their Statehood Day.

What is an endemic disease? According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), a disease is endemic when its presence or usual prevalence in the population is constant.

In simple terms, an endemic disease is “the constant presence of a disease or infectious agent within a given geographic area or population group; may also refer to the usual prevalence of a given disease within such an area or group.”

Some examples ofendemics include the chicken pox and malaria, where there are predictable number of cases every year in certain parts of the world.

What happens when a disease becomes endemic? When epidemics become endemic, they become “increasingly tolerated” and the responsibility of protecting against it shifts from the government to the individual.

Further, the sociopolitical response to the disease may also change, with investment in the disease becoming institutionalised along with the disease-inducing behavioural changes in people. Once people become aware of the risks of infection, they will alter their behaviour and mitigate the consequences.

Need for concern: Epidemic diseases typically have higher mortality and morbidity than endemic diseases, owing to lack of clinical experience and knowledge, as well as innate pathogenicity. Over time, effective prevention and treatment interventions emerge.

When does a disease become endemic? One mathematical modelling published in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health states that if R0, which is the rate at which the virus is transmitted is equal to 1, then the disease is endemic.

When R0>1, it implies that the cases are increasing and that the disease will eventually become an epidemic.

If R0<1,it implies the number of cases of the disease are decreasing. Here, R0 refers to the number of people infected by a person who has the disease.

Key facts: It envisages to setup six to eight new test facilities in partnership with private industry. This will facilitate indigenous defence production, consequently reduce imports of military equipment and help make the country self-reliant.

The projects under the Scheme will be provided with up to 75% government funding in the form of ‘Grant-in-Aid’.

The remaining 25% of the project cost will have to be borne by the Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) whose constituents will be Indian private entities and State Governments. The SPVs under the Scheme will be registered under Companies Act 2013 and shall also operate and maintain all assets under the Scheme, in a self-sustainable manner by collecting user charges.

While majority of test facilities are expected to come up in the two Defence Industrial Corridors (DICs), the Scheme is not limited to setting up Test Facilities in the DICs only.

Of the 1 billion USD aid, around 550 million USD is to be credited by the IDA (International Development Association) and 220 million USD by the IBRD (International Bank of Reconstruction and Development). The final maturity amount of the loan is 18.5 years. It also includes a grace period of five years.

About IDA: Established in 1960, IDA aims to reduce poverty by providing loans (called “credits”) and grants for programs that boost economic growth, reduce inequalities, and improve people’s living conditions.

IDA complements the World Bank’s original lending arm—the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD). IBRD and IDA share the same staff and headquarters and evaluate projects with the same rigorous standards.

IDA lends money on concessional terms. This means that IDA charges little or no interest and repayments are stretched over 25 to 40 years, including a 5- to 10-year grace period. IDA also provides grants to countries at risk of debt distress.

How IDA funds are allocated? To be eligible for funds, countries must first meet the following criteria: Relative poverty defined as GNI per capita must be below an established threshold (updated annually). In fiscal year 2020, this was $1,175. Lack of creditworthiness to borrow on market terms and therefore have a need for concessional resources to finance the country’s development program.

Countries are then assessed to determine how well they implement policies that promote economic growth and poverty reduction. This is done through the Country Policy and Institutional Assessment. This assessment and portfolio performance together constitute the IDA Country Performance Rating.

These measures are part of a Special economic and comprehensive package of Rs 20 lakh crore – equivalent to 10% of India’s GDP announced by PM on 12th May 2020.

Focus: The 3rd Tranche includes measures to strengthen Infrastructure Logistics, Capacity Building, Governance and Administrative Reforms for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Processing Sectors. Key measures announced:

Measures for improving agricultural infrastructure: Rs 1 lakh crore Agri Infrastructure Fund for farm-gate infrastructure for farmers. Rs 10,000 crore scheme for Formalisation of Micro Food Enterprises (MFE). Rs 20,000 crore for fisherman through Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY).

National AnimalDisease Control Programme for Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) and Brucellosis launched. Animal Husbandry Infrastructure Development Fund of 15,000 crore will be setup.

Promotion of Herbal Cultivation: Outlay of Rs. 4,000 crore. Beekeeping initiatives – Rs 500 crore. “Operation Greens” run by Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MOFPI) will be extended from tomatoes, onion and potatoes to ALL fruit and vegetables.

Measures for administrative and governance reforms: Amendments to Essential Commodities Act to enable better price realisation for farmers.

A Central law will be formulated to provide adequate choices to the farmer to sell their produce at remunerative price and barrier free Inter-State Trade. A facilitative legal framework to enable farmers to engage with processors, aggregators, large retailers, exporters etc. in a fair and transparent manner.

Significance and I of these measures: Amendments to the ECA, reforms in agricultural marketing and risk mitigation through predictable prices will empower farmers, strengthen agri-food processing linkages and enable demand-driven value added agriculture.

The reforms will encourage investments in food processing and together with the infrastructure outlays will contribute in shaping a competitive agri value chain, reduce wastages and raise farmer incomes.

The removal of cerealsfrom essential commodities, the agricultural marketing policy changes being made to facilitate direct sale to aggregators, and the assistance being provided to enhance food processing and post harvest infrastructure in proximity to farm gates are excellent formulations which will help farmers.

What has the government done during the lockdown for the development of agriculture? Rs 30,000 crore as Additional Emergency Working Capital facility through NABARD to enable RRBs and Cooperative Banks extending farm loans for Rabi post-harvest and Kharif expenses.

A mission-mode drive to enable Rs 2 lakh crore credit boost to the farm sector by covering 2.5 crore PM-KISAN beneficiaries under Kisan Credit Card Scheme by December 2020.

Minimum Support Price (MSP) purchases of amount more than Rs 74,300 crore, PM KISAN fund Transfer of Rs 18,700 crore and PM Fasal Bima Yojana claim payment of Rs 6,400 crore have been made.

During Lockdown, Demand of Milk reduced by 20-25%. Accordingly, 560 Lakh litre per day (LLPD) were procured by cooperatives against daily sale of 360 LLPD. Total 111 crore litres of milk extra procured ensuring payment of Rs 4,100 crore.

A new scheme to provide interest subvention @2% per annum to dairy cooperatives for 2020-21 has been launched, also providing additional 2% p.a interest subvention on prompt payment/interest servicing. This scheme will unlock Rs 5,000 crore additional liquidity, benefitting 2 crore farmers.

Key facts: The malware steals personal financial information from Android phone users. The Eventbolt is a Trojan. It cheats victims secretly attacking computer or phone operating system.

It targets money-transfer services, financial applications.

What’s the Difference Between Malware, Trojan, Virus, and Worm? Malware is defined as a software designed to perform an unwanted illegal act via the computer network. It could be also defined as software with malicious intent.

Malware can be classified based on how they get executed, how they spread, and/or what they do. Some of them are discussed below. Virus: A program that can infect other programs by modifying them to include a possible evolved copy of itself.

Worms: Disseminated through computer networks, unlike viruses, computer worms are malicious programs that copy themselves from system to system, rather than infiltrating legitimate files.

Trojans: Trojan or trojan horse is a program that generally impairs the security of a system. Trojans are used to create back-doors (a program that allows outside access into a secure network) on computers belonging to a secure network so that a hacker can have access to the secure network.

Hoax: An e-mail that warns the user of a certain system that is harming the computer. The message thereafter instructs the user to run a procedure (most often in the form of a download) to correct the harming system. When this program is run, it invades the system and deletes an important file.

Spyware: Invades a computer and, as its name implies, monitors a user’s activities without consent. Spywares are usually forwarded through unsuspecting e-mails with bonafide e-mail i.ds. Spyware continues to infect millions of computers globally.

It is a village in Meghalaya. It is named after the alkaloid quinine extracted from the bark of cinchona, a plant belonging to the Rubiaceae family and classified as either a large shrub or a small tree.

The place was called Quinine because of the plantation.

Non Convertible Debentures: Debentures are long-term financial instruments which acknowledge a debt obligation towards the issuer. Some debentures have a feature of convertibility into shares after a certain point of time at the discretion of the owner. The debentures which can’t be converted into shares or equities are called non-convertible debentures (or NCDs).

Non-convertible debentures are used as tools to raise long-term funds by companies through a public issue. To compensate for this drawback of non-convertibility, lenders are usually given a higher rate of return compared to convertible debentures.

NCDs offer various other benefits to the owner such as high liquidity through stock market listing, tax exemptions at source and safety since they can be issued by companies which have a good credit rating as specified in the norms laid down by RBI for the issue of NCDs. In India, usually these have to be issued of a minimum maturity of 90 days.

It is a global organisation dedicated to the promotion and protection of press freedom and the improvement of journalism practices.

Founded in October 1950, the IPI has members in over 120 countries.

Composition: Editors, media executives and IPI Leading Journalists which is open to heads of media departments, bureau chiefs, correspondents and others.

IPI enjoys consultative status with the UN, UNESCO and the Council of Europe. IPI is a member of the International Freedom of Expression Exchange, a global network of non-governmental organisations that monitors press freedom and free expression violations worldwide.

A rights issue is an offering of shares made to existing shareholders in proportion to their existing shareholding. Companies often offer shares in a rights issue at a discount on the market price.

Rights issues are used by companies seeking to raise capital without increasing debt.

Shareholdersare not obliged to purchase shares offered in a rights issue.

The India Meteorological Department (IMD) has declared a cyclone alert for the Indian coastline across the Bay of Bengal as a low-pressure area has formed over southeast Bay of Bengal and adjoining south Andaman sea. The cyclone will be named ‘Cyclone Amphan’.

Context: 40 gharials released in Ghaghara river amid lockdown.

Key facts: Critically Endangered— IUCN Red List. The male gharial has a distinctive boss at the end of the snout, which resembles an earthenware pot.

Habitat— foremost flowing rivers with high sand banks that they use for basking and building nests. Gharials once inhabited all the major river systems of the Indian Subcontinent, from the Irrawaddy River in the east to the Indus River in the west. Their distribution is now limited to only 2% of their former range

India: Girwa River, Chambal River, Ken River, Son River, Mahanadi River, Ramganga River

Nepal: Rapti-Narayani River Threats: Hunting for skins, trophies and indigenous medicine, and their eggs collected for consumption, Decrease of riverine habitat as dams, barrages, irrigation canals and artificial embankments were built; siltation and sand-mining changed river courses

Conservation: Shedule 1 species under Indian wildlife act, 1972. Project Crocodile began in 1975 (Government of India+ United Nations Development Fund + Food and Agriculture Organization) — intensive captive breeding and rearing program. Protected areas: National Chambal Sanctuary and Katerniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary.

Launched by Ministry of Tribal Affairs (MoTA) in partnership with Facebook.

Aims to provide mentorship to tribal youth through digital mode.

Under this, 5,000 young tribal entrepreneurs, professionals, artisans and artists will be trained by experts from different disciplines on digital skills under digital entrepreneurship program.